Making the Unobservable, Unobservable

Quantile Regression Analysis of the Rational Addiction Model: Making unobservable heterogeneity observable

Brand Reputation, Warranty, and Product Quality

When product quality is unobservable to consumers, a manufacturer can convey the quality information using signals such as warranty and brand reputation. The purpose of this paper is to study the interactions between warranty, brand reputation, and product quality, and to examine the quality signaling strategies. We model a monopolist who tries to convey unobservable product quality to heteroge...

Saving Unobservable Phenomena

In this paper I argue—against van Fraassen’s constructive empiricism—that the practice of saving phenomena is much broader than usually thought, and includes unobservable phenomena as well as observable ones. My argument turns on the distinction between data and phenomena: I discuss how unobservable phenomena manifest themselves in data models and how theoretical models able to save them are ch...

Supervisory Control of Petri Nets with Uncontrollable/unobservable Transitions Interdisciplinary Studies of Intelligent Systems Supervisory Control of Petri Nets with Uncontrollable/unobservable Transitions

This paper expands upon results of previous research dealing with the supervisory control of Petri net modeled discrete event systems that contain uncontrollable transitions. The concept of unobservable plant transitions is introduced here and incorporated into the controller design procedure. New conditions are developed which govern the existence of controllers for these problems. Two procedu...

Phasor Measurement Unit Selection for Unobservable Smart Grid Data Integrity Attack Detection

Electric power system operators make critical decisions based on remote measurements. If those measurements are compromised, it is possible to make decisions that could lead to critical consequences. Of particular concern are unobservable attacks in which compromised measurements are not flagged as erroneous by bad data detection algorithms. The use of secure measurement devices, such as PMUs, ...

Quantum coherence in the presence of unobservable quantities

State representations summarize our knowledge about a system. When unobservable quantities are introduced the state representation is typically no longer unique. However, this nonuniqueness does not affect subsequent inferences based on any observable data. We demonstrate that the inference-free subspace may be extracted whenever the quantity’s unobservability is guaranteed by a global conserva...